Applied Research Centre
of the School of Economic Warfare

WHAT DO we do?

We have three applied research activities:

• Economic warfare
• Information warfare
• Cognitive warfare

The centre prioritises an applied research approach, where the ambition is not only to describe, but to build tools, support decision-making in contexts of multi-domain and multi-actor confrontation, and anticipate the adversary’s strategies.

Born of an assessment formulated by Christian Harbulot, co-founder of the School of Economic Warfare, CR451 is based on a simple but structuring observation: contemporary conflicts now unfold continuously across economic, geopolitical, societal and informational arenas, to the point that systemic economic warfare has emerged as a central paradigm of how the world operates. The training experience, although proven and widely delivered to several thousand students, was not sufficient to trigger comparable awareness among a large proportion of decision-makers, making an additional step necessary—more doctrinal, better tooled, and more directly action-oriented.

CR451 was established in autumn 2021. Its name, in tribute to Ray Bradbury’s “Fahrenheit 451”, refers to the loss of memory symbolised by the destruction of books by fire.